Tuesday, September 09, 2014

Shoddy English subtitles of Hausa films results in ‘Engausa’

As the Hausa movie industry grows so does its audience increase.
With the introduction of the African Magic Hausa channel on DSTV, there arose a need to subtitle the movies to accommodate a wider non-Hausa speaking viewership ​across the continent.
Muhsin Ibrahim, a Hausa Film promoter and observer, noted that some Kannywood film makers who subtitle their films in English do so without rightly taking into consideration the correct tenses and phrases that describe the dialogue. In many instances, the grammar is murdered, and the spellings error-ridden, he said.
Mr. Ibrahim pointed out that this ultimately destroy​s​ the objective of the subtitles and create​s a false idea of the movie to the non-Hausa speaker.
“It inadvertently makes it an extremely funny, and a mind-numbing film. I often wonder: is that truly English or “Engausa”, a hybridized English and Hausa languages, as it is popularly called in the Hausa community,” he said.
It must be stated that some of these poorly subtitled movies are produced and directed by some of the best hands in Kannywood, which makes it mind-boggling when equal devotion is not given to the subtitles.
Some popular culprits are Mai Farin Jini (The Popular Bachelor) directed by Ilyasu Abdulmumini Tantiri; Wata Shari’ar (The Unclaimed Verdict) directed by Yakubu Muhammad; Maja (Merger) directed by Sadiq N. Mafia; Bakin Zinari (The Black Gold) directed by Imrana S.I Ashir; and Azeema directed by Kamal S. Alkali.
In the Wata Shari’a, one of the lines: Dr. Hassan ne ya aiko ni in gaida kai” ( Dr. Hassan extends his greetings) was poorly translated as “Dr. Hassan sends me to greets you.”
In Bakin Zinari, the line: “Sauran mutane za su ce fad’an kabilanci ne” (Others will see it as a tribal war/conflict) became “Other people will referred it as a tribal war.)
This lack of attention to detail beggars the question: Is this abuse of the Hausa-English translations not emphasizing the stereotype of Northerners as ignorant illiterates ​who​ cannot speak good English, Nigeria’s ​official language?
According to socio-linguistic studies, watching films with subtitles can be a special identity-forming experience especially for foreign viewers.
Many among Kannywood’s counterparts in sourthern Nigeria pooh-pooh Hausa films, and look down on the Hausa actors for their assumed lack of aptitude for the English language. This makes it difficult for most actors to transition from Kannywood to Nollywood. One actor who has seamlessly managed to do this and has won awards within both industries is Ali Nuhu. Not many can follow his foot steps thanks to the poor image as envisioned by some these movies.
To overcome what should be a false image, equal attention should be given in Kannywood to subtitles as it is given to improving production.
In order to properly sell Hausa films to the non Hausa speaking audience, professionalism should be involved and encouraged in every aspect.
A Yoruba friend of this author, and a fan of the Kannywood complains that though some of the movies are beautifully presented, trying to understand the dialogue through the subtitles often proves difficult.
If the Hausa movies must get equal salutation with its counterparts in the Nigeria film industry, Kannywood producers should properly take in to consideration and put proper devotion to the subtitling of their movies.
It should be done with professionalism involving good linguists and translators and proper editing before the release of the movie.
It will also increase the audience and interest from and beyond the shores of the none Hausa speaking countries.
- See more at: https://www.premiumtimesng.com/arts-entertainment/167858-s%E2%80%8Bhoddy-%E2%80%8Benglish-subtitles-of-hausa-films-results-in-%E2%80%8Bengausa%E2%80%8B%E2%80%8B%E2%80%8B.html#sthash.G2KX3JJu.dpuf

 Kannywood subs


 Shoddy English subtitles of Hausa films results in ‘Engausa’
https://www.premiumtimesng.com/arts-entertainment/167858-s%E2%80%8Bhoddy-%E2%80%8Benglish-subtitles-of-hausa-films-results-in-%E2%80%8Bengausa%E2%80%8B%E2%80%8B%E2%80%8B.html#sthash.G2KX3JJu.dpbs

 As the Hausa movie industry grows so does its audience increase.

With the introduction of the African Magic Hausa channel on DSTV, there arose a need to subtitle the movies to accommodate a wider non-Hausa speaking viewership ​across the continent.

Muhsin Ibrahim, a Hausa Film promoter and observer, noted that some Kannywood film makers who subtitle their films in English do so without rightly taking into consideration the correct tenses and phrases that describe the dialogue. In many instances, the grammar is murdered, and the spellings error-ridden, he said.

Mr. Ibrahim pointed out that this ultimately destroy​s​ the objective of the subtitles and create​s a false idea of the movie to the non-Hausa speaker.

“It inadvertently makes it an extremely funny, and a mind-numbing film. I often wonder: is that truly English or “Engausa”, a hybridized English and Hausa languages, as it is popularly called in the Hausa community,” he said.

It must be stated that some of these poorly subtitled movies are produced and directed by some of the best hands in Kannywood, which makes it mind-boggling when equal devotion is not given to the subtitles.

Some popular culprits are Mai Farin Jini (The Popular Bachelor) directed by Ilyasu Abdulmumini Tantiri; Wata Shari’ar (The Unclaimed Verdict) directed by Yakubu Muhammad; Maja (Merger) directed by Sadiq N. Mafia; Bakin Zinari (The Black Gold) directed by Imrana S.I Ashir; and Azeema directed by Kamal S. Alkali.

In the Wata Shari’a, one of the lines: Dr. Hassan ne ya aiko ni in gaida kai” ( Dr. Hassan extends his greetings) was poorly translated as “Dr. Hassan sends me to greets you.”

In Bakin Zinari, the line: “Sauran mutane za su ce fad’an kabilanci ne” (Others will see it as a tribal war/conflict) became “Other people will referred it as a tribal war.)

This lack of attention to detail beggars the question: Is this abuse of the Hausa-English translations not emphasizing the stereotype of Northerners as ignorant illiterates ​who​ cannot speak good English, Nigeria’s ​official language?

According to socio-linguistic studies, watching films with subtitles can be a special identity-forming experience especially for foreign viewers.

Many among Kannywood’s counterparts in sourthern Nigeria pooh-pooh Hausa films, and look down on the Hausa actors for their assumed lack of aptitude for the English language. This makes it difficult for most actors to transition from Kannywood to Nollywood. One actor who has seamlessly managed to do this and has won awards within both industries is Ali Nuhu. Not many can follow his foot steps thanks to the poor image as envisioned by some these movies.

To overcome what should be a false image, equal attention should be given in Kannywood to subtitles as it is given to improving production.

In order to properly sell Hausa films to the non Hausa speaking audience, professionalism should be involved and encouraged in every aspect.

A Yoruba friend of this author, and a fan of the Kannywood complains that though some of the movies are beautifully presented, trying to understand the dialogue through the subtitles often proves difficult.

If the Hausa movies must get equal salutation with its counterparts in the Nigeria film industry, Kannywood producers should properly take in to consideration and put proper devotion to the subtitling of their movies.

It should be done with professionalism involving good linguists and translators and proper editing before the release of the movie.

It will also increase the audience and interest from and beyond the shores of the none Hausa speaking countries.

As the Hausa movie industry grows so does its audience increase.
With the introduction of the African Magic Hausa channel on DSTV, there arose a need to subtitle the movies to accommodate a wider non-Hausa speaking viewership ​across the continent.
Muhsin Ibrahim, a Hausa Film promoter and observer, noted that some Kannywood film makers who subtitle their films in English do so without rightly taking into consideration the correct tenses and phrases that describe the dialogue. In many instances, the grammar is murdered, and the spellings error-ridden, he said.
Mr. Ibrahim pointed out that this ultimately destroy​s​ the objective of the subtitles and create​s a false idea of the movie to the non-Hausa speaker.
“It inadvertently makes it an extremely funny, and a mind-numbing film. I often wonder: is that truly English or “Engausa”, a hybridized English and Hausa languages, as it is popularly called in the Hausa community,” he said.
It must be stated that some of these poorly subtitled movies are produced and directed by some of the best hands in Kannywood, which makes it mind-boggling when equal devotion is not given to the subtitles.
Some popular culprits are Mai Farin Jini (The Popular Bachelor) directed by Ilyasu Abdulmumini Tantiri; Wata Shari’ar (The Unclaimed Verdict) directed by Yakubu Muhammad; Maja (Merger) directed by Sadiq N. Mafia; Bakin Zinari (The Black Gold) directed by Imrana S.I Ashir; and Azeema directed by Kamal S. Alkali.
In the Wata Shari’a, one of the lines: Dr. Hassan ne ya aiko ni in gaida kai” ( Dr. Hassan extends his greetings) was poorly translated as “Dr. Hassan sends me to greets you.”
In Bakin Zinari, the line: “Sauran mutane za su ce fad’an kabilanci ne” (Others will see it as a tribal war/conflict) became “Other people will referred it as a tribal war.)
This lack of attention to detail beggars the question: Is this abuse of the Hausa-English translations not emphasizing the stereotype of Northerners as ignorant illiterates ​who​ cannot speak good English, Nigeria’s ​official language?
According to socio-linguistic studies, watching films with subtitles can be a special identity-forming experience especially for foreign viewers.
Many among Kannywood’s counterparts in sourthern Nigeria pooh-pooh Hausa films, and look down on the Hausa actors for their assumed lack of aptitude for the English language. This makes it difficult for most actors to transition from Kannywood to Nollywood. One actor who has seamlessly managed to do this and has won awards within both industries is Ali Nuhu. Not many can follow his foot steps thanks to the poor image as envisioned by some these movies.
To overcome what should be a false image, equal attention should be given in Kannywood to subtitles as it is given to improving production.
In order to properly sell Hausa films to the non Hausa speaking audience, professionalism should be involved and encouraged in every aspect.
A Yoruba friend of this author, and a fan of the Kannywood complains that though some of the movies are beautifully presented, trying to understand the dialogue through the subtitles often proves difficult.
If the Hausa movies must get equal salutation with its counterparts in the Nigeria film industry, Kannywood producers should properly take in to consideration and put proper devotion to the subtitling of their movies.
It should be done with professionalism involving good linguists and translators and proper editing before the release of the movie.
It will also increase the audience and interest from and beyond the shores of the none Hausa speaking countries.
- See more at: https://www.premiumtimesng.com/arts-entertainment/167858-s%E2%80%8Bhoddy-%E2%80%8Benglish-subtitles-of-hausa-films-results-in-%E2%80%8Bengausa%E2%80%8B%E2%80%8B%E2%80%8B.html#sthash.G2KX3JJu.dpuf

Tuesday, May 15, 2012

BAI new rules on subtitling criticised

BAI new rules on subtitling criticised


 

ORGANISATIONS REPRESENTING the disability and ageing sector in Ireland are “deeply shocked” by the Broadcasting Authority of Ireland’s proposed new rules which they believe will significantly reduce the amount of subtitling available.

Yesterday the BAI published new rules to govern the level of subtitling, sign language and audio description that Irish television broadcasters must offer to the public. The BAI says the rules aim to make television more enjoyable and accessible for people who are deaf, hard-of-hearing, partially sighted or blind.
TV Access believes the rules ‘‘will worsen the unequal treatment of the hundreds of thousands who have sensory disability”.

It said the new rules will leave the targets for ISL (Irish Sign Language) and audio description at a minimum of 1 per cent of all programmes and will only apply to the two main RTÉ channels.
It’s calling on the BAI to increase the targets to achieve 100 per cent subtitling of all public service broadcasting by 2015.

In Ireland, there are 5,000 people whose first language is Irish Sign Language (ISL) and 13,000 people who are blind, according to TV Access.

Chairperson of the BAI, Bob Collins said: “The BAI is pleased to launch the new Access Rules which have been reviewed and revamped to be more appropriate for these times and to reflect both the needs of viewers and the changing schedules of broadcasters”.

 

 

 

Wednesday, March 21, 2012

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Sunday, November 27, 2011

Former TV news subtitler scoops award



Former TV news subtitler scoops award

A SPEECH to text reporter (STTR) who has provided subtitles for BBC television news programmes has won a prestigious award.

Jean Gough, who was a television subtitler for 13 years and has also worked on shows like Have I Got News for You and Big Brother, scooped the Communication Professional of the Year accolade at the 2011 Signature Annual Awards on Friday last week (November 18).

The Lower Stondon resident now works as an STTR on a freelance basis and helps deaf and deafblind people in a variety of situations including conferences and special events like weddings.

Jean, 55, who lives in Fakeswell Lane was nominated by the people she works with and attended an awards ceremony at Plaisterers’ Hall in London.

It was a case of second time lucky for Jean as she was nominated for a Signature award back in 2009, only to be pipped at the post.

Jim Edwards, chief executive of Signature who presented Jean with her award said: “Jean’s clear passion for her profession and the support she has shown to the deaf community makes her a worthy winner of the Communication Professional of the Year award.

“Jean has time and time again proven her determination in making a difference to the lives of deaf people.”

After originally working for Her Majesty’s Court Service Jean undertook training to use a Stenograph machine, which she still works with today.

Using the machine Jean takes down speech using specialised shorthand which the machine then converts into text. She started working in television subtitling back in 1993 and worked on programmes at the BBC and at Red Bee Media.

Wednesday, March 04, 2009

Dubbing pain in Spain



Dubbing pain in Spain
Catalonia pushes studios for subtitled prints
By JOHN HOPEWELL, EMILIO MAYORGA


Madrid-- Hollywood's studios have a new headache in Spain.
Catalonia, one of Spain's wealthiest regions, is threatening regulations to push U.S. majors to release movies in subtitled prints rather than dubbing them.
To encourage take-up, the region will tax movies that are dubbed and it will demand that 50% of all those prints be dubbed into Catalan.
The tax and quotas are among 50 points in a wide-ranging Film in Catalonia draft law.
The Catalan government regards them as a question of modernization -- countries Catalans admire, such as Denmark, subtitle rather than dub films -- and of principle.
Most people in Catalonia speak both Spanish and Catalan but only 2% of movies are screened in Catalan.
The new regulations allow Catalans to choose the language in which they watch movies, Culture Minister Joan Manuel Tresserras argued Tuesday.
The regulations leave Hollywood in a quandary.
Subtitling is far cheaper than dubbing , which costs e50,000 ($63,000) or more per film, while a print from the dubbed film costs $1,300. But subtitled films attract much smaller audiences. Local film fans, as in Germany, prefer their blockbusters dubbed.
Boasting Barcelona as its capital, Catalonia repped 21% of Spain's film market in 2008.
According to one U.S. distributor, Woody Allen's "Vicky Cristina Barcelona" took a five-times better print average screened in Spanish vs.Catalan.
Catalan exhibitors oppose the new regulations. "Box office will fall 70% at cinemas showing Catalan-language prints," one said.
The Catalan government attempted to force through 50% dubbing quotas in 1998, but backed down after the studios threatened to boycott distribution in Catalonia.
Another possible outcome is that the studios and the Catalan government will end up partnering on the digitalization of Catalonia's theaters, said one source.
Digital cinemas would facilitate movie screenings in subtitled versions, or dubbed into Catalan or Spanish.

Tuesday, January 27, 2009

TV subtitles for hearing-impaired viewers inefficient



A team of researchers in Spain have discovered that both the speed at which subtitles appear on television and the actual translation of the dialogues impact the level of understanding of subtitled programmes by teens and children suffering from deafness. The research is due to be published in The American Annals of the Deaf.
While subtitles in TV programmes have been used for nearly two decades, questions remained as to how well deaf people comprehend what they're reading on screens and how they understand the messages transmitted through the images. The researchers from the UAB Research Centre on Hearing Impairment and Language Acquisition (GISTAL) aimed to shed light on this issue.With respect to the teenagers participating in the research, the sample consisted of 20 students aged between 12 and 19 years with profound or severe deafness. It should be noted that all of the participants attended schools with children who are not hearing impaired, and use lip-reading and auditory prostheses to communicate with their peers.
The researchers used visual, audio, oral and written information to assess the participants' level of understanding. The students were asked to explain what was happening in a segment of the 'El cor de la ciutat' (The Heart of the City) Catalan TV soap opera.
The first viewing was conducted without sound, the second with sound, and the third with sound and subtitles.The first viewing showed that 30% of the students had a global understanding of what had happened in the segment by only watching the images. For the second and third viewings, which included sound and then subtitles, 40% understood what was shown on the TV screen.
According to the researchers, the data showed that current subtitles are insufficient for teenagers with hearing impairments. They also explained that the speed at which these subtitles appeared and the actual translation of the dialogues failed to give the students enough time to look at the images and gain an overall understanding of what was taking place on the screen.
For the younger participants, the researchers conducted two studies: the first assessed 7 children aged 6 and 7 years, and the other evaluated 16 children aged between 7 and 10 years. A segment of the animation 'Shin-Chan' was shown to them. The researchers chose to show the second group the animation with subtitles they created by using new speed and text-selection criteria. The data showed that only 2% of the participants in group 1 (with the regular subtitles) understood what the animation was about, while 65.5% of the second group (with the augmented subtitles) gained an overall understanding of the segment.
Based on the results, the researchers said currently used criteria must be reviewed and new parameters must be defined when hearing impairment assessments are made. These changes should consider the information offered by the spoken language, sound in general, images, and the language skills of deaf viewers.
The professors said two general criteria should be followed. Firstly, the need to respect the heterogeneity of the hearing impaired, and the possibility to select from more than one type of subtitle (different degrees of language complexity should be available), and secondly, subtitling only essential information that cannot be deduced by the images. The latter, they said, would particularly benefit children's programmes.According to the researchers, another important factor to consider is that subtitles should be adapted for deaf children because they are in the process of learning to read, and subtitles can help encourage them to strengthen their reading skills.Through their research, the professors will develop teaching and learning material for teachers and parents of children with hearing impairments. The research was supported by the Audiovisual Council of Catalonia (CAC) and the Spanish Ministry for Education and Science (MEC).

Wednesday, December 10, 2008

Subtitles Do Not Guarantee Hearing-impaired Viewers



Subtitles Do Not Guarantee Hearing-impaired
Viewers A Total Comprehension Of Television Messages
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/12/081202133230.htm

Researchers have studied the level of comprehension of subtitled television programs by groups of students who have a severe or profound hearing impairment. The results demonstrate that deaf children and adolescents have difficulties in following subtitles and images together, due to the speed at which the subtitles appear and the literal transcription of the dialogues.

After almost twenty years since the first television subtitles were used, professors Cristina Cambra, Núria Silvestre and Aurora Leal, members of the UAB Research Centre on Hearing Impairment and Language Acquisition (GISTAL), were interested in discovering whether deaf viewers - the main users of this service - actually can understand the programmes, find it easy to read subtitles and understand the messages transmitted through the images.
Research work was carried out with the support of the Audiovisual Council of Catalonia (CAC) and the Spanish Ministry for Education and Science (MEC). Participants included students with hearing impairment of different ages and the research focused on the role played by visual, audio, and oral and written information on the screen. Twenty adolescents aged 12 to 19 participated in this study. All of them suffer from either severe or profound hearing impairment, went to municipal schools of the Barcelona province with children who had no hearing impairments, and communicated with others using spoken language with the help of auditory prostheses and by learning how to lip-read.
Participants were asked to explain what was happening in a fragment of the Catalan TV series "El cor de la ciutat". The first viewing was done with no sound, the second with sound and the third with sound and subtitles.
At the end of the first viewing, 30% of participants had a global understanding of what had happened by only watching the images. The percentage increased to 40% after turning on the sound and after adding the subtitles.
According to researchers these figures indicate that for teenagers with hearing impairments, subtitles as they are currently presented are not a good enough resource in helping them understand what a television programme is about. More specifically, researchers verified that the speed at which they appeared and a literal transcription of the dialogues did not give participants time to view the images and reach an overall understanding.
Two more studies were carried out with younger participants: one consisted in a pilot study with seven kids aged 6 and 7, while the other was formed by 16 children aged 7 to 10. Both groups viewed a fragment of the cartoon "Shin-Chan", but the second group was shown the cartoon with subtitles created by the professors themselves (using new speed and text selection criteria). In the first group, only 2% of participants understood what the cartoon was about. In the second group, overall understanding of the fragment reached 65.5%.
These studies show that there is a need to review currently used criteria and define new parameters which take into account information offered by the images, sound and spoken language, as well as the language skills of deaf people. According to research results, two general criteria which should be followed are: firstly, respect for the heterogeneity of the hearing impaired and the possibility to choose from more than one type of subtitle, offering different degrees of language complexity so that each viewer can choose the level that best fits their case. Secondly, and especially in the case of children programmes, it would be advisable to subtitle only essential information that cannot be deduced by the images. In contrast, when the images are explicit enough, e.g. emotional states of the characters, viewers should be able to deduce this information themselves. Therefore, the time spent reading the subtitles can be combined with the time needed to view the images.
According to researchers, an adaptation in subtitles is particularly necessary in the case of deaf children, since they are in the process of learning to read and this is a stage in which subtitles can help to boost their motivation.
They also highlight the fact that television programmes which offer subtitles can be used as an additional educational resource in schools when teaching children to read. It would help both kids with hearing impairments and those without, who may find written language a support tool which helps them understand spoken language. The research carried out by professors Cambra, Silvestre and Leal aims to create teaching and learning material for teachers and parents of deaf children.